In June, 1984, thirteen years before the Hong Kong handover, he gave this speech, addressing critics of the "One Country, Two Systems" （一个国家，两种制度）policy, which determined China's approach to the handover. The policy maintained that different political systems would concurrently be implemented under one government. In other words, that mainland China would remain socialist, and that Hong Kong would remain capitalist (until 2047, anyway), but both would be ultimately overseen by the CCP. It was a radical notion at the time, and it still is in many ways. His words here are a fascinating look into the past.